Centennial Essays : Low Values

 On February 8, 1967, Canada Post Office issued a set of definitive stamps celebrating Canada`s centennial year. The low value denominations (1 cent to 5 cents) featured a portrait of Queen Elizabeth II  with an image of a Canadian regional scene, a different one for each denomination.

 

A look at earlier Elizabeth II definitives shows how innovative the Centennial set was.

Centennial Essays

Stamp essays provide a glimpse of how a particular stamp design came about. Fortunately, digitized images of many essays have been posted on  the Canadian Postal Archives websites permitting us to see aspects of the design process. This posting is organized as follows:

1.Queen Elizabeth with scene or other design element
2. Queen Elizabeth without scene
3. BABN Essays
4. Harvey Prosser Essays
a) Queen Elizabeth with flag
b) Queen Elizabeth with Canadian regions


1. Queen Elizabeth with scene or other design element

The essays in this section show different images of the Queen.

 Queen Elizabeth II, shown with a fishing boat

Image of boat, denomination and typography sketched in charcoal, with gouache retouch on denomination. Image shows typographic layout: 2¢.

 
 Queen Elizabeth II, with a view of Niagara Falls

Printed portrait with background scene, typography and denomination drawn in charcoal. Image (8.5 x 10.3 cm) shows typographic layout: 3¢.

Queen Elizabeth II, shown with a lakeshore view

  Printed portrait on card within penciled frame. Lakeshore scene, typography and denomination drawin in pencil on a tracing paper overlay hinged with tape to card support. Image (8.5 x 10.3 cm) shows typographic layout: 4¢.

 Queen Elizabeth II, shown with a map of Canada

 Printed portrait and map image with background in watercolour, typography and denomination in gouache. Image shows typographic layout: 5¢.


 Queen Elizabeth II, shown with a conifer branch

Print of portrait with branch, typography and denomination added in pencil. Image (8.5 x 10.3 cm) shows typographic layout: 5¢.

Queen Elizabeth, shown with skyscrapers

 Photomechanical portrait image mounted on card support, with buildings, typography and denomination added in watercolour and gouache to card. Image (8.5 x 10.3 cm) shows typographic layout: 5¢.

Queen Elizabeth II shown with maple leaves

Maple leaves, background and typography in watercolour. Denomination added in gouache. Image shows typographic layout: 2¢.

2. Queen Elizabeth without scene

This is a traditional design for low-value definitives.

 

 

 


 

 

2. British American Bank Note Company (BABN) Essays

The BABN prepared watercolour essays which are dated September 30, 1965. The artist was not identified.

  Queen Elizabeth II, shown with the Peace Tower

The First 100 Years

 

Queen Elizabeth II

 

 4. Harvey Prosser Essays

a) Queen Elizabeth with Canadian Flag 

 Printed portrait with flag in watercolour and denomination in gouache painted on card support. Image (10.7 x 12.4 cm) shows typographic layout: 5¢. Mounted on card with wrapper with a set of 5 printed colour miniatures in the bottom margin.

 


b) Queen Elizabeth with Views of Canadian Regions

 Queen Elizabeth II, shown with a view of the Northern regions

Queen Elizabeth II, shown with a view of the Pacific Coast

 Queen Elizabeth II, shown with a view of a prairie scene
 


  Queen Elizabeth II, shown with a view of the mid-Canada seaway





Queen Elizabeth II, shown with a view of the Atlantic Coast- Rocher Percé

 Queen Elizabeth II, shown with a view of the Atlantic Coast (Lighthouse and Lobster pod)

(similar to approved model)

Approved Models

Prosser`s regions designs were approved for the stamp issue. 1 cent to 3 cent views shown above were redone before approval.

Approved January 6, 1966

Approved November 1, 1966

Approved November 5, 1965

 

Approved October 28, 1965

Approved October 18, 1965

Customized Postal Indicia

Postal indicia are markings on mail showing that postage has been prepaid by the sender. In May 2013, Canada Post offered its customers the opportunity to create simulated stamp "Customized Postal Indicia" which could be used for  "Addressed Admail", "Lettermail" and "Publication Mail" items. Examples of customized postal indicia are shown in this post.

Canada Post ad promoting "Customized Postal Indicia"

AIR MILES

Received August 29, 2013

The Lung Association I

Received October 16, 2013

The Lung Association II

 Received November 22, 2013

Shoppers Drug Mart

Received December 7, 2013

The Retired Teachers Of Ontario (RTO)

Customized postal indicia can be used for "Addressed Admail", "Lettermail" and "Publication Mail" items. The RTO mailing shown below is an example of a  Publication Mail postal indicia.

Received, January 17, 2014

Canadian Wildlife Federation

Received March 11, 2014

Share Life

Received March 17, 2014

........................................................................................................................................................

CUSTOMIZED POSTAL INDICIA (Canada Post, May, 2013)

North Bend Aerial Ferry

From 1940 to 1986,the only aerial automobile ferry in North America, the North Bend -Boston Bar Aerial Car Ferry, operated between the communities of  North Bend and Boston Bar located on opposite sides of the Fraser River in the  British Columbia Fraser Canyon region.

 

 Satellite view of North Bend and Boston Bar with Cog Harrington Bridge spanning the Fraser River

Prior to 1940, the only way to get directly from Boston Bar to North Bend was to cross the Fraser River by boat. The North Bend Aerial Ferry was opened in March, 1940, to transport vehicles and people more conveniently

A gondola car capable of holding a single motor vehicle or 40 passengers  was carried on two steel cables 1200 feet across the river.  In its years of operation from 1940 to 1986,  the North Bend Aerial Ferry carried 2,037,579 vehicles, 6,092,434 people and made 1,610,789 round trips. In 1986 the Cog Harrington Bridge replaced the Aerial Ferry because of increasing timber volumes and a higher demand for faster transportation.

 Cog Harrington Bridge spanning the Fraser River

Although the Aerial ferry is no longer in operation, the gondola has been restored and is on display  along the Trans-Canada highway in downtown Boston Bar.

 

 Restored Aerial Ferry

North Bend

North Bend was founded during the construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway in the 1880s and was the site of various Canadian Pacific Railway company offices and housing. The town prospered until the era of highway travel, when it became isolated, connected to the Trans-Canada Highway only by the aerial cable ferry.

 A.A. Carlson

Almar Carlson operated general stores in North Bend and Boston Bar. His business stationery featured a lovely cachet of the aerial ferry.

1947

 Calgary and Vancouver R.P.O., September 17, 1947

1952

Calgary and Vancouver R.P.O., June 16, 1952

1955

Vaan. & Wpg. RPO, 1955

Carlson Cachets

1947

R.W. Franklin

North Bend to Waterloo, Iowa, April 10, 1957

A Scarce Centennial Rate

I've been collecting Centennial period postal history since the mid-70s and have found that some rates are particularly difficult to find but none more so than the 7 cent surface post card rate to non-preferred UPU destinations, a rate which was  effective from November 1, 1968 to June 30, 1971. After decades of searching I haven't seen a single example! And this was a rate that was in effect for over two years.

First let's look at post card rates during this period. The sender had a choice of air mail or surface mail conveyance. The air mail rate to all destinations was 10 cents and  there were  two surface letter rates, 6 cents and 7 cents depending upon the destination.

1. Air Mail to all destinations : 10 cents

Delta to Mali, September 26, 1969

10 cents international air mail post card rate

2. Surface

The surface rates were a only a few cents cheaper than the air mail rate. 

a) Preferred rate 

to Great Britain, the Commonwealth, the Republic of Ireland, France, Spain, and North and South America : 6 cents

 Kitchener to Lisburn, Northern Ireland, May 25, 1971

6 cents preferred surface post card rate to the United Kingdom

Surface post cards to preferred destinations are scarce.


 b) To all other counties : 7 cents

It isn't difficult to understand why the rate is challenging to find. Why would anyone send a post card by surface mail  when for an extra 3 cents the card could  zoom off to its destination. I suspect that people may have simply mailed the cards with the current 6 cent domestic rate stamps without giving the matter much thought.

So, what  happens when a rate collector can't find a rate? Apart from continuing the hunt, short paid and unpaid mail can be an acceptable substitute (at least for me).

Over the years I have been fortunate to locate the following shortpaid and unpaid surface post cards mailed during the 7 cent surface rate period, November 1, 1968 to June 30, 1971 :

 

 Niagara Falls to Warsaw, Poland, March 16, 1970
7 cent surface post card rate
6 cent stamp probably purchased from machine
Shortpaid 1 cent


Since the card was shortpaid 1 cent, the T 2/12 tax fraction was applied by the Canadian post office.

An explanation of the taxation system can be found HERE.

 Windsor to Athens, August 31, 1970
7 cents surface post card rate
Shortpaid 1 cent
 2/12 tax fraction

Toronto to Zagreb, Yugolavia, August 30, 1970
 7 cents surface post card rate
Shortpaid 1 cent
2/12 tax fraction
40 dinars  due

Powell River to Lausanne, Switzerland, May 17,  1971
 7 cents surface post card rate
2 / 12 tax fraction
Swiss tax 10 centimes             
  

Vancouver to Budapest, May 9, 1969
 7 cents surface post card rate
Unpaid
14/12 tax fraction
Hungarian due 2 ft.


I don't know if I will ever find a 7 cent surface post card rate, but I'll keep on looking. There has to be one out there somewhere!