Postal History Corner

Friday, July 5, 2013

International Peripheral Systems Cancelling Machines 1971 -2000

This post is a review of the cancelling machines manufactured by International Peripheral Systems (IPS) of Lewiston, Pennsylvania that were installed at Canadian postal facilities from 1971 to 2000.

Model HD-2 IPS hand operated cancelling machine

Introduced in 1971 to very small post offices that did not have cancelling machines

Model HDM (experimental)
Sechelt. B.C. only

Model MST

Introduced 1986 to replace Pitney-Bowes machines

Model 4900

Introduced 2000

This article is organized as follows:

1. Model HD-2: Small Post Offices Supplied With Cancelling Machines

2. Model HDM : Experimental Machine

3. Model MST : Canada Post Replaces Pitney-Bowes Machines

4. Model 4900

Many dedicated philatelists have studied the IPS machine cancellations and published their findings. I appreciate their efforts and have relied on the following articles to present this summary:

Addington, Charles," International Peripheral Cancelling Machines : Some Observations", The Canadian Philatelist, Vol. 27, No.4, 1976, p. 245

Hunka, A. Daniel," I.P.S. (Model HD2) Cancellations", PHSC Journal, No. 87, Sep. 1., 1996. p.4

Hunka, A, Daniel, "H-D2 Cancellations - An Update", PHSC Journal, No.90, June 1, 1997, p.42

Hunka, A, Daniel, "H-D2 Cancellations - Second Update", PHSC Journal, No.108, Dec.1 , 2001, p.26

Hunka, A, Daniel, "The IPS Model 4900 Machines", PHSC Journal , No. 109, Mar. 1, 2002, p.33

Hunka, A. Daniel, "The IPS Model MST Cancels of Canada", Cancelled (Newsletter of the Postal History Society of Canada's Machine Cancel Study Group), No. 9 & 10, Dec. 2001 & Mar. 2002, p. 1

Shamon, Tony, "Modern Machine Cancellations", Canadian Philatelist, Vol. 39, No. 5, 1988, p. 342

Tring, Howard, "(III) IPS 'Black Square' Cancellation" , Canadian Philatelist,Vol. 39, No.2 , p. 109

1. Model HD-2: Small Post Offices Supplied With Cancelling Machines

Prior to 1971, very small post offices were not usually supplied with cancelling machines. Mail from these offices was cancelled with handstamps. In 1971, Canada Post Office began supplying them with the hand-driven Model HD-2 IPS cancelling machines. Over 400 post offices eventually received the Model HD-2.

Plaster Rock, N.B.

HD-2 Hub and Obliterator

The dater hub's lettering was cut fine with the town name at the top usually followed by a coma and the province/ territory abbreviation at the bottom. Postal codes were included in some daters.

Postal code

The obliterator consisted of seven wavy lines. Very few slogans were produced for the Model HD-2.

HD-2 machines were installed across Canada but not at Manitoba or Yukon Territory post offices. Canadian Forces Post Offices (CFPOs) in Germany (Lahr and Baden-Soelingen) were also supplied with HD-2 machines.

A few examples :

Whitecourt, Alberta

March 3, 1972

Marystown, Newfoundland

Marystone, December 4, 1971

Inuvik, Northwest Territories

March 2, 1972

C.F.P.O. 5056

C.F.P.O. 5056, Baden-Soelingen, December 19, 1984

Slogan Cancellation

From 1984 to 1989, the Hillsborough post office's International Peripheral System machine canceller was provided with a slogan publicizing its railroad museum. [See earlier post]

Hillsborough, April 27, 1989

2. Model HDM : Experimental Machine

The Sechelt, B.C., post office was supplied with an experimental HDM IPS machine which had a double ring dater. This was the only HDM machine installed in Canada.

Sechelt, October, 1988

Barlow, Ken, "Sechelt, B.C. Machine Cancellation", Maple Leaves, Vol. 19, No. 5, 1984, p. 123

3. MST Cancelling Machines : Canada Post Replaces Pitney-Bowes Machines

In the 1980s, Canada Post started to replace the old Pitney-Bowes (PB) cancelling machines which were no longer in production and whose maintenance was becoming expensive. PB machines had been in use for up to fifty years at some post offices.

Pitney-Bowes Machine Cancellation

Port Colborne PB machine cancellation

A two-phase replacement program was initiated:

Phase 1 (1983) : Klussendorf Cancelling Machines

The German-made Klussendorf machines were supplied beginning in 1983 [see earlier post]. These low speed machines were installed in over 400 post offices.

Klussendorf dater hub and obliterator

Phase 2 (1986) : IPS Model MST Cancelling Machines

A second type of machine, the high speed MST machine was initially installed at 180 post offices starting in February 1986. The MST machines not only replaced the old PB machines but some of the newly installed Klussendorf machines as well.

Standard Dater Hub and Obliterator

MST dater hub and obliterator

The standard dater hub had the name of the city at the top and a two-letter provincial designation at the bottom. Date and time information indicia were in one line. Machines were supplied with "POSTAL CODE / CODE POSTAL" slogans.

Machine Numbers

Small numbers above the dater hub identified the different dies supplied to a postal facility.

London, Ontario Die 2

IPS Rapid Cancelling Machines : Dater Hubs with Postal Code

IPS Rapid Cancelling Machines (IPS Model 40?) were installed at post offices and processing plants using dater hubs with either "Canada" at the top and postal code at the bottom. or "Postes Canada Post" at the top of the and postal code at the bottom.

"Canada" Type

"Canada" type

J1H 1R0

"Canada" type used at Sherbrooke, Quebec, July 30. 1991

"Postes Canada Post" Type

"Postes Canada Post" type

L4W 1T0 processing plant

Toronto South Central Processing Plant, May 11, 1988

Black Square Cancellations

Black square cancellations with date information in the centre appeared at several mail facilities was reported to be a spare die for the MTS machine.

Black square cancellation

Mississauga return address

Toronto South Letter Processing Plant

Slogan Cancellations

Dozens of slogan cancellations were used with the MTS machine. A few are shown below:

Sault Ste Marie, May 5, 1988

Sault Ste. Marie, May 13, 1989

Sault Ste Marie, May 26, 1985

Kelowna, June 28, 1987

St-Jerome, June 19, 1992

Calgary, July 27, 1987

Modified Cancels

IPS cancellers were modified to process large envelopes.

Montreal

POSTE MAIL

March 5, 1992

H3C 1S0 #3 dater

Toronto

MAIL POSTE

April 5, 1995

M4L 3T0 #3 dater

Toronto South Central Letter Processing Plant

4. Model 4900

In 2000, Model 4900 IPS cancelling machines were installed at over 50 post offices. replacing Pitney-Bowes, IPS HD-2, and Klussendorf cancellation machines.

The cancels were similar in appearance to those used with the MTS machine but the standard slogan was different, reading www.canada post.ca/ www.postescanada.ca :

Okotoks, B.C., March 3, 2006

(The Model 4900 replaced Okotok's Model HD-2 machine)

Strathmore, Alberta

February 15, 2007

Model 4900 replaced Strathmore's HD-2 machine

Monday, July 1, 2013

The Canadian Flag

Most Canadians take the maple leaf flag for granted today and are unaware of the Parliamentary battle waged between Prime Minister Lester Pearson and Leader of the Opposition John Diefenbaker in 1964. Pearson had promised a distinct Canadian flag if elected in 1963. Diefenbaker refused to replace the Red Ensign which had been in use since 1867. In May 1964, Pearson asked Parliament to adopt a Canadian flag. After months of Diefenbaker-led filibustering the maple leaf design became Canada's official flag. On February 15, 1965, the first distinctive banner in Canada's history, the red and white maple leaf flag was raised over the Peace Tower of the Houses of Parliament.

The Canadian Red Ensign

The maple leaf design replaced the "Red Ensign" which had been the flag used officially by the federal government though it was never adopted as official by the Parliament of Canada. It was a British Red Ensign (the identifying flag flown to designate a British ship), featuring the Union Jack in the upper left hand corner, and the addition of the shield of the Coat of Arms of Canada:

Red Ensign 1965

It was informally adopted following Canadian Confederation in 1867 . The original Canadian Red Ensign had the arms of the four founding provinces on its shield:

Red Ensign 1868 - 1921

From 1892, the Red Ensign was the official flag for use on Canadian merchant ships. On land, however, the official national flag was the Union Jack. Despite its unofficial status, the Red Ensign was widely used on land as well. In 1924, the Red Ensign was approved for use on Canadian government buildings outside Canada, and from 1945 for those inside Canada as well.

The Promise of a New Flag

In 1958, a poll was taken of the attitudes that Canadians held toward the flag. Over 80% wanted a national flag entirely different from that of any other nation, and 60% wanted their flag to bear the maple leaf.

Leader of the Opposition Lester Pearson urged the government to resolve the flag issue but Prime Minister Diefenbaker had no desire to replace the red ensign. During the 1963 election campaign, Pearson promised that Canada would have a distinctive flag within two years of his being elected.

The Liberals won the 1963 election with a minority government and proceeded to implement Pearson's flag policy.

Royal Canadian Legion Opposition

The Royal Canadian Legion supported the retention of the red ensign and invited Prime Minister Pearson, a WWI veteran, to speak at their Winnipeg Convention on May 17, 1964. Pearson was booed and heckled by the Legionnaires. Pearson smiled and said the angry crowd did not bother him, quoting former U.S. president Harry Truman to the audience, "If you can't stand the heat, get out of the kitchen."

The Royal Canadian Legion, Ontario Provincial Command correspondence February 13, 1964 with Red Ensign seal.

Pearson's Proposal : Three Conjoined Maple Leaves

On May 27, 1964, Pearson's government introduced a motion to Parliament for adoption of his favourite design of a "sea to sea" (Canada's motto) flag with blue borders and three conjoined red maple leaves on a white field. This motion led to weeks of acrimonious debate in Parliament, and the design came to be known as "Pearson's Pennant".

Pearson's Proposed Flag

Three conjoined maple leaves was not a new Canadian symbol as it had been an element of provincial coats of arms as well as the red ensign going back to 1868 when Queen Victoria assigned the coats of arms of Ontario and Quebec:

Ontario

Quebec

Three Conjoined Maple Leaves on Stamps

1959 Plains of Abraham stamp

1964 Maple Leaf Unity Stamp

On May 14, 1964 the Canada Post Office launched its floral emblem commemorative series leading up to Canada's centennial celebration in 1967. The first stamp in the series featured three maple leafs emerging from a node:

Parliamentary Debate

On June 15, 1964, Pearson opened the parliamentary flag debate. John Diefenbaker led the opposition to the Maple Leaf flag, demanding the retention of the Canadian red ensign. Diefenbaker and his Conservative members mounted a filibuster. Pearson forced members of Parliament to stay over the summer, but that did not resolve the matter. On September 10, Pearson agreed to the suggestion that the issue be referred to a special flag committee. The committee was given six weeks to agree on a flag design.

Flag Committee

The 15-member all-party parliamentary committee received over three thousand suggestions from Canadians. The post card below is representative of these suggestions:

Post card with flag design mailed to the House of Commons from East Angus, Que., December 11, 1963

On October 29, 1964, having held 35 meetings in a six week period the committee unanimously approved the maple leaf design created by George F.G. Stanley.

Mr. Stanley's Maple Leaf design was inspired by the flag of the Royal Military College of Canada in Kingston, Ontario:

Parliamentary Approval

John Diefenbaker, Leader of the Opposition, refused to accept the committee's decision and mounted a Parliamentary filibuster which lasted six weeks. It took the intervention of Quebec Conservative MP Leon Balcer to call on Prime Minister Pearson to cut off the debate by applying closure. Pearson did so and the final vote adopting the Maple Leaf flag took place at 2:15 a.m. on December 15, 1964.The committee's recommendation was accepted 163 to 78.

Inauguration of the Maple Leaf Flag : February 15, 1965

The flag was inaugurated on February 15, 1965, at an official ceremony held on Parliament Hill. The letter below on House of Commons stationery was written at 10:15 a.m. on February 15, 1965:

Monday 10:15 a.m.

Dear Ab:

...There are crowds around the building, waiting to see the ensign come down. Poor John [Diefenbaker] is going to have a hard time today-the Grits [Liberals] have won this round, but just wait!

Kindest regards,

Mayone (?)

[Please contact me at philcovex@gmail.com if you can assist me in identifying the writer]

Canada Post Office Commemorative Stamp

On June 30, 1965, the Canada Post Office issued the Canadian Flag commemorative stamp honouring the inauguration of the maple leaf flag.

Essay

National Archives of Canada

First Day Covers

Chickering/Jackson: Overseas Mailers no embellishment

Stancraft

Canada Post Office Announcement Cover

Canadian Post Office first day cover. The CPO used "Rosecraft" envelopes to announce the release of the Flag stamp. This announcement was mailed to Portugal.

Canadian Bank Note Company, Limited